Overview
Automation runs in production and touches money, customers, and controls. Treat it like any other system: build a layered test strategy, release in small steps, and keep a rollback you can run in minutes. Use one source of truth for both operations and audit—no side files and no second logic path.
Test strategy (layers)
Unit
Pure functions, rules, and transforms. Cheap, fast, isolated.
Integration & contract
Verify API shapes, enums, requiredness, and error codes. Consumer-driven contracts catch schema drift before prod.
End-to-end
System flow with real identities, time zones, and evidence. Keep small and stable; don’t test everything here.
Contracts: OpenAPI, Pact (consumer-driven contracts).
Test data & environments
Data rules
- Stable IDs; deterministic fixtures; anonymized PII
- Golden datasets for critical paths and edge cases
- Clock control (UTC baseline; business hours when relevant)
Environments
- Dev: fast feedback; mocks/stubs allowed
- Test/UAT: contract tests; near-real integrations
- Pre-prod: production-like data volumes; final perf/smoke
UI automation
- W3C WebDriver compatible; stable selectors
- Headless where possible; avoid fragile timing sleeps
Spec: W3C WebDriver.
Regression & reliability
Keep it green
- Run unit + contract on every change
- Daily smoke for end-to-end; alert on red
- Pin external dependencies; mock where unstable
Data checks
- Schema conformity and null/enum checks on pipelines
- Profiling and drift alerts on key fields
References
- NIST e-Handbook (measurement/statistics): nist.gov
- Great Expectations (data validation concepts): docs.greatexpectations.io
Release strategies (blue/green, canary, flags)
Blue/green & canary
- Blue/green: two prod stacks; switch traffic; instant rollback
- Canary: small % first; watch SLOs; expand stepwise
Feature flags
- Toggle by user/region; kill switch for risk
- Expire flags; remove dead code
References
- Blue/Green: martinfowler.com
- Canary: martinfowler.com
- Feature Toggles: martinfowler.com
- Google SRE—SLOs: sre.google
RPA-specific testing
Selectors & surfaces
- Prefer stable selectors and accessibility trees
- Version-lock UIs; alert on DOM changes
- Small surface area per bot; avoid sprawling flows
Test pyramid for RPA
- Rule/unit tests for transforms
- API/contract tests where possible
- Minimal UI end-to-end smoke
Reference
IEEE 2755 (RPA vocabulary and scope): standards.ieee.org
Workflow & AI testing
Workflow
- BPMN path coverage; timers, escalations, compensation
- DMN tables unit-tested; CMMN for case variants
AI/LLM
- Offline evals: accuracy, groundedness, red-team prompts
- Online: override rate, safety flags, approval latency
- Guardrails: retrieval from approved sources, schema validation, logging
Refs: NIST AI RMF · OWASP Top-10 for LLM
Security & compliance
Auth & contracts
OAuth 2.0 / OIDC; strict input validation; idempotent writes. OpenAPI/GraphQL contracts in CI.
Change control
Standard/Normal/Emergency changes with approvals and rollback. Release windows for risky flows (ITIL/COBIT).
Evidence
Immutable logs (who/what/when); retention; link tests to controls and SOPs.
Monitoring, SLOs & rollback
Observability
- Distributed tracing; correlation IDs
- SLIs: latency, error rate, saturation, retries
- Dashboards with SLOs and error budgets
Refs: OpenTelemetry · Google SRE
Rollback fast
- Document a kill switch for bots, workflows, and flags
- Blue/green or canary to reverse in minutes
- Runbooks with owners, commands, and verification steps
90-day starter
Days 0–30
- Publish a test pyramid and contract testing in CI
- Define rollback and runbooks; pick release strategy
Days 31–60
- Add blue/green or canary; wire tracing and SLOs
- Stabilize selectors for any RPA; minimize UI tests
Days 61–90
- Automate smoke/regression; enforce contract gates
- Pilot one change; publish deltas and lessons
References
- OpenAPI Initiative — openapis.org
- Pact (consumer-driven contracts) — docs.pact.io
- W3C WebDriver — w3.org
- Blue/Green & Canary — martinfowler.com · martinfowler.com
- Feature Toggles — martinfowler.com
- Google SRE / SLOs — sre.google
- OWASP ASVS / Testing — owasp.org
- IEEE 2755 (RPA) — standards.ieee.org
- OpenTelemetry — opentelemetry.io
Ship changes with proof—and a rollback you can execute in minutes.
If you want a release/runbook kit (contracts, canary, SLOs, rollback), ask for a copy.